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Students’ lack of participation in the classroom can be associated with gender disparities, which has remained the focus of researchers’ attention, especially in the field of education for long time. This research looks into students’ classroom participation in the context of cultural influences and differential level of participation in the classrooms. Qualitative data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews from nine sample universities. Male and female students and their teachers from selected departments were interviewed. Convenience sampling technique was used for conducting interviews and classrooms observations. Similarly, 02 observations were conducted in the sampled universities, in order to see the inter relationship of gender and its effects on students’ participation in the classroom. The results illustrated that gender disparity, cultural constraints and negative attitude towards female’s education impinge upon female students’ classroom participation. Female students according to the results are also considered less intelligent as compared to the male students.

Farooq Nawaz Khan, Syed Munir Ahmad, Itbar Khan, Asghar Ali, Hazrat Bilal. (2019) Understanding Students’ Classroom Participation in Universities through Gender Perspective: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, The Dialogue, Volume 14, Issue 2.
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