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Buildings are the most important part of development activities, consumed over one-thirds of the global energy.
Household used the maximum energy around the world, likewise in Pakistan residential buildings consumed
about half of total energy (45.9% per year). The study aims to analyze the impact of building design on climate
of Metropolitan City Karachi, Pakistan and to evaluate the change in urbanization patterns and energy
consumption in the buildings. To have better understanding of the issues correlations was established amongst
population, urbanization patterns, green area, number of buildings (residential and commercial), building
design, energy consumption and metrological records (climate change parameters) by collecting the data from
the respective departments. With the help of the collected data amount of carbon dioxide was estimated. The
results reveled that during last 36 years the urban population of Karachi increased exponentially from
5,208,000 (1981) to 14,737,257 (2017) with increase in urbanized area from 8.35 km2
(1946) to 3,640 km2
(2017)
that may led to reduce the green area of the city from 495,000 hectors (1971) to 100,000 hectors (2015).
Moreover, the building’s design and numbers are being changed from 21 high-rise buildings (2009) to 344
(2017). It may be concluded that change in temperature pattern and climatic variability of the city may be due
to increase in population and change in lifestyle that lead to high energy consumption that is prime source of
increased in CO2 emission in the environment of Karachi city, However, Greenhouse Gases (GHG) releases are
much lower than the levels reported from metropolitan cities around the world.
Nimra Kanwal, Nuhzat Khan. (2020) Understanding the Incremental Impact of Built Environment on Climate Change of Metropolitan City Karachi , Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology, Volume 39, Issue 4.
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