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Objective: To determine the comparative histological effects of Shisha and cigarettes on trachea of experimental animals. Study Design: It was an analytical experimental randomized control trial. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with National Institute of Health (N IH), Islamabad. The duration of the study was 6 months. Materials and Methods: 40 adult male BALB/c mice were used and divided into 3 groups. Control group C was kept in a chamber in fresh air. Group SS was exposed to Shisha smoke and Group CS was exposed to equivalent quantity of nicotine by burning cigarettes. All mice were dissected after 8 weeks and tissues of trachea were examined microscopically and results were compared in experimental groups. Results: The trachea was examined for three parameters. There was marked mucus cell hyperplasia and submucosal gland hypertrophy in group SS and the difference between group SS and CS was statistically significant (p<0.005). The basement membrane in both groups showed marked thickening. Conclusion: Shisha smoking is not a safe alternative to cigarette smoking. It contains higher level of toxicants in its smoke that cause a much higher disruptions at tissue level as compared to cigarette smoke.
Shazia Imran, Rehana Rana . (2014) A Comparative Histological Study of Effects of Shisha and Cigarettes on Trachea of Mice , Journal of Islamic International Medical College, Volume-9, Issue-2.
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