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In Balochistan, karezes are one of the oldest irrigation systems. However, these are vanishing due to a number of technical,
socio-economic reasons. A study was undertaken on a representative irrigation scheme of Dilsora to document its impact on
the socio-economic conditions of the local community, present issues and to propose remedial measures. A questionnaire
survey was conducted to collect primary information from the farmers regarding impact of the scheme, constraints faced by
the farmers and suggestions for its improvement. Flow was measured with a Pigmy type digital current meter at the head and
tail reaches to determine the discharge and conveyance losses in the karez channel. The analysis of the survey revealed that
the implementation of the scheme had a positive impact on the socio-economic conditions of the local community by (i)
increasing the volume of water, irrigated area, crop yields and farm income, (ii) reducing the maintenance (both in terms of
physical and financial liabilities), dispute over water, drudgery on women, and (iii) reducing the soil erosion. The main issues
identified are (i) deferred repair and maintenance of the irrigation system, (ii) deterioration of water quality during conveyance,
(iii) non-functional water user association, (iv) lack of watershed management activities, and (vi) irrational installation of
tubewells in the vicinity of the karez. The karez system is unique in the world and provides water free of cost to the local
community round the clock and throughout the year. It must, therefore, be sustained by regularly cleaning and protecting it
from floods. The scheme is also a source of drinking water for the local community. Therefore, its maintenance is not only
important for irrigation point of view but also for providing clean drinking water to the community, but carrying out watershed
management and artificial recharge activities in the karez recharging zones, and controlling the irrational installation of
tubewells, particularly within the karez recharging zones
M. Ashraf, A. Majeed, Mazhar Saeed. (2016) Impact Evaluation Of A Karez Irrigation Scheme In Balochistan-pakistan: Issues And Options, , Volume-53, Issue-3.
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