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Of the several by-products of terrorism that have affected the Pakistani state and society, the threat of violent extremism is the most potent one. It has damaged the country‟s tolerant cultural and religious ethos. The killing of 132 school children in Peshawar on 16 December last year is a sobering reminder that extremism poses an existential threat to Pakistan. To overcome the challenge of growing extremism, Pakistan should introduce a national Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) policy, in addition to the ongoing de-radicalization programmes in different parts of the country. The CVE policy should comprise of individualfocused de-radicalization, and environment-focused counter-radicalization strategies. In this regard, a contextual understanding of the extremist challenge in Pakistan‟s ethnically heterogeneous and religiously diverse society is essential to formulate the right-kind-of CVE policies. In Pakistan violent extremism is a multifaceted and multilayered phenomenon. Given the multifaceted scope and magnitude of the problem, Pakistan needs to fight both the reality and ideality of the challenge through a whole of community approach. A joint state-society response is indispensable for creating an environment that helps people to resist the appeal of militant ideologies. The on-going narrow-focused de-radicalization interventions in Pakistan will gradually lose their efficacy, as long as a moderate environment hostile to terrorism and militancy is not created through a comprehensive national level CVE policy

Abdul Basit. (2015) Countering Violent Extremism: Evaluating Pakistan’s Counter-Radicalization and De-radicalization Initiatives, IPRI Journal, Volume-15, Issue-2.
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