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The current research explored the patterns of interpersonal
difficulties among university students in Pakistani cultural context.
In the first phase, 40 university students were interviewed
individually to generate item pool of 69 interpersonal difficulties
as experienced by them. After excluding duplication and
repetition, the list of 61 items was piloted on 30 university students
as a self-report measure of 5-point rating scale (Interpersonal
Difficulties Scale). Finally, a stratified sample of 448 university
students (49% men and 51% women) were given the final list of
61 items , Student Problem Checklist (Mahmood & Saleem, 2011),
and a demographic form. Principal Component factor analysis
yielded a six factor solution namely Dominated by Others, Low
Self-confidence, Mistrust, Lack of Assertiveness, Lack of
Boundaries, and Instability in Relationships. The scale found to
have high internal consistency, convergent validity, and test- retest
reliability. The results are discussed in terms of the implications of
interpersonal difficulties for student counseling services.
Sadia Saleem, Zubia Ihsan, Zahid Mahmood. (2014) Development of Interpersonal Difficulties Scale for University Students, Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, Volume-29, Issue-2.
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