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Language is the specie-specific communication system of homo sapiens and it is a marvelous device for exchanging information about mental states. The biological side of language is the subject of increasing research and advances are possible because of the growing sophistication of available experimental techniques and equipment. The study of languages in the brain and the brain functions involved in speech processing is called neurolinguistics of the many questions of interest to neurolinguists three are fundamental 1). Where in the brain are speech and language localized? 2) How does the nervous system function to encode and decode speech and language? 3) Are the components of language i-e phonology, syntax, semantics, neuroanatomically distinct and therefore vulnerable to separate impairment. Two areas of the left hemisphere are especially important in language processing i-e Broca’s area and wernike area. Evidence for this localization comes from studies of aphasia are identifiable according to impairments to different aspects of language there tend to be associated with damage to different brain regions. Different brain scanning technologies such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalograph (MEG), positron emission tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging provide us images of the brain at work and have led to a growth in our knowledge about the physiological mechanisms underlying the knowledge of language. This paper is an attempt to introduce all these aspects of neurolinguistics and new researcher about language and brain to the reader.

Dr.Bushra khatoon. (2017) Neuro Linguistics, Putaj Oriental Studies, Volume-24, Issue-1.
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