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Food insecurity is the primary concern of developing countries as food deficiencies
contribute to stunting and mortality in children below the age of five. This study
evaluates the impact of households’ socioeconomic factors on food insecurity at
national and regional level, using the HIES 2015-16 data for Pakistan. The logistic
regression results depict that 38% of the households at national level experienced
calorie deficiency with 40.5% in rural and 36.7% in urban areas. Households with a
caloric intake deficiency in the provinces of Balochistan and Sindh are relatively
higher. The socioeconomic analysis shows that age and gender (male) of the
household head are positively related to food insecurity, whereas the education has
a negative effect. The food insecurity in female-headed households is less likely
than in male-headed households. The household size and overcrowding ratio
(persons per room) in our estimated model have positive signs. Agriculture related
indicators have inverse relationship with food insecurity. Poverty is also positively
linked to food insecurity. In our study, safe drinking water and fuel for cooking have
negative effects on food insecurity. Sanitation facilities, including toilets, are also
negatively related. Present study suggests that the relationship between food
insecurity and socioeconomic development should be re-examined by policy
makers and government agencies. The elementary requirements of life, such as safe
drinking water, fuel for cooking and sanitation, are crucial to achieving zero hunger
policies. In addition, improvements in agricultural segments are vital to the rural
economy and social development. The reduction in food insecurity is therefore
closely related to improving farming segments, including livestock and poultry .
Abdul Hameed, Ihtsham Ul Haq Padda, Abdul Salam. (2020) Estimating the Socio-Economic Factors of Food Insecurity in Pakistan: A Regional Level Analysis, , Volume-14, Issue-2.
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