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Pyrethroid, carbamate and organophosphate compounds were introduced to replace the recalcitrant and hazardous chlorinated
pesticides. Although newly introduced pesticides were considered to be biodegradable, some of them are highly toxic and their
residues are found in the environment. Moreover, some of these pesticides generates metabolites that are also toxic. A serious
environmental concern is the contamination of ecosystems due to pesticide discharges from manufacturing plant, surface runoff,
leaching, accidental spills and other resources. Safe and economical disposal of pesticides is a current problem of significant
magnitude. Although microorganisms capable of degrading pesticides have been isolated. However, knowledge about bioremediation
of these toxic compound in the soil and water environments is sparse. In this review, the role of microorganisms and the essential
factors that enhanced the biodegradation process are described. This information may be helpful in designing on-site bioremediation
systems (e.g. on-site bioreactor) for the degradation of toxic compounds like pesticides which are resistant otherwise to conventional
treatment.
Seema Jilani. (2006) BIOREMEDIATION AND ITS APPLICATION IN WASTE MANAGEMENT, , Volume 3, Issue 3.
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