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Bioassays with Achyranthes aspera L. demonstrated that aqueous root and shoot extracts against Triticum aestivum, a cultivated species and four field associates viz. Cenchrus pennisetiformis, C. setigerus, Chloris barbata, and Peristrophe bicalyculata impeded or reduced germination of test species. The suppression of germination in shoot extract was in the order: C. barabata < T. aestivum < C. setigerus < C. pennisetiformis < P. bicalyculata and root extract suppressed germination in order: C. barbata < T. aestivum < C. setigerus, P. bicalyculata < C. pennisetiformis. Shoot extract was inhibitorier than root extract. Reduction in seedling growth was species specific. In general, inhibition was a function of the extract concentration. The suppression of seedling growth in test species was in the order: C. barbata < C.pennisetiformis < = C. setigerus < P. bicalyculata i.e., C. barbata being more resistant and P. bicalyculata most susceptible to Achyranthes toxicity - C. pennisetiformis and C. setigerus being moderately susceptible. Decaying A. aspera root and shoot were pernicious to germination and growth of T. aestivum. Artificial rain-drip arrested lettuce seedling growth at higher concentration only. Root and shoot extracts were autotoxic to A. aspera at higher concentrations only. Phytotoxic principles of A. aspera were thermostable or thermo-convertible to secondary inhibitors. The physico-chemical nature of soil and the soil microorganisms provided limited protection to lettuce seedling growth against toxicity of the extracts. Coleoptile bioassay of ether fraction of aqueous extract indicated at least two Phenolic inhibitors in the shoot and three in the root. Radicle growth bioassay of Brassica compestris indicated at least two saponins/glycosides in shoot and two in the root. The toxic effects of the extracts facilitated explanation to the observed field behaviour of the test species in terms of their sociological peculiarities in A. aspera dominated stands.
D. Khan, S. Shahid Shaukat. (2006) PHYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF ACHYRANTHES ASPERA L. - A TROPICAL MEDICINAL WEED OF PAKISTAN, , Volume 3, Issue 1.
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