تلخیص
Pakistan and China are known to be After the Renaissance, right of expression and freedom of press got in vogue, particularly in the West which diminished the established perception about blasphemy; subsequently the laws against blasphemy became dormant. During the last two decades, incidences of blasphemy particularly against Islam and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) are being happened off and on in the West, generated anger in Muslims. They presume that it has been deliberately done to ridicule and demonize Islam by the Christian dominant society. These countries always take refuge behind democratic values, right of expression, and freedom of press without realizing sensitivity of the matter for Muslims. This kind of frustration in Muslims has made some of them intolerant and extremists. Thus can trigger violent incidents and escalate tensions between the West and Muslims. If this situation persists a confrontation between the two civilizations seems evident which can make life of Muslims in Christian dominant Western countries difficult and vice versa. The delicacy of situation demands to revisit the concept of freedom of expression and no religion or faith should be ridiculed on the pretext of right of expression to keep the world peaceful and secured for all. Keywords: Persecution, Inquisition, ecclesiastical, heresy, apostasy, tithe, monotheistic, Tetragrammaton, Trinity, edict, clemency, schism, sacrilege, Iconoclasm, anathema, messianic, divinity d themselves in opposite camps in their genesis, Pakistan being a Muslim majority state much dependent on western capitalist powers for her security while China was communist naturally backed by Soviet Russia. Subsequent events clearly imposed strategic compulsions forcing both states to come closer. It took less time for leadership of both countries to realize ground realities and soon a new epoch of mutual understanding and cooperation ensued. Pakistan’s disenchantment with the western block and rising Indian security threats compelled her to seek Chinese assistance. China, on her turn was parting her ways with Soviet Union while seriously concerned about Indian hegemonic designs. Pakistan proved to be strategic asset for China when she played a pivotal role in bridging gaps between China and U.S. the proverbial friendship between the two states has entered into a new phase in the post cold war era. Afghanistan issue and the U.S-India growing ties coupled with Pakistan’s security and energy problems are the issues around which future Sino-Pak relations would revolve. Keywords: Pakistan, China, India, security, strategic
Khalid Manzoor But. (2015) Revisiting Concept of Freedom of Expression Vis-à-vis Blasphemy: Laws Against Blasphemy from Ancient to Present Age , Journal of Political Studies, Volume 22, Issue 2.
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