Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine transformational
leadership, gender role orientation and leadership effectiveness
of male and female leaders within the context of education and
health departments in Pakistan and Turkey. The study explored
the relationship between or differences among these three
primary variables. This research examined in detail the three
leadership styles (Transformational, Transactional and Laissez
Faire) with respect to gender (male and female), region
(Pakistan and Turkey) and department (Education and Health).
Surveys were sent to four hundred (n=400) male and female
leaders in education and health departments. The survey
instrument (Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5x short
Form) consisted of 12 factors. Among 12 factors, nine factors
were employed to evaluate components of leadership style, while
the remaining three factors were labeled as outcome measures.
Out of nine leadership measures, there were five
transformational leadership factors, (i.e. Idealized Influence
Attributed, Idealized Influence Behavior, Inspirational
Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, Individualized
Consideration); three transactional leadership factors, (i.e.
Contingent Reward, Management by Exception Active,
Management by Exception Passive); and one laissez faire
leadership factor. The 45 statements of Multifactor Leadership
Questionnaire were consisted of 36 items concerning leadership
style and behaviour, out of which four items evaluate each of the
nine leadership styles. Data analyses involved descriptive
strategies, correlational analysis, logistic regression
analysis, Chi-Square test analysis etc.
Nasiha Begum, Safia Begum, Aneela Rustam, Sabeena Rustam. (2018) Gender Perspectives of Transformational Leadership Style and Leadership Effectiveness: A Case Study of Pakistan and Turkey, The Dialogue, Volume 13, Issue 2.
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