Abstract
Punjab is a Persian word, which is a combination
of two words "Punj " meaning five and "Aab"
meaning water . So, Punjab means "land of five
rivers". This is a region where five rivers namely
Satluj, Bias, Ravi, Jhelum and Chenab flow. These
are the geographical boundaries and this frontier
keep on changing from time to time. Even the
region of Peshawar and the rivers Indus and
Kabul were once a part of this land. At that time,
the name of this region was "Sapat sindhu" or
"Sapat Hindu". After the separation of Attock
and Sindh from this area or region this area was
called "Punjnad". When Muslims enter in this
area this region called "Punjab". Punjab is among
the most ancient areas of the world. It is the far
most homeland of human being. Invaders always at tacked Punjab f i r s t , to ent e r into the
sub-Continent. During 1500 B.C Ayarians first
invaded this land Dravidians and Manda were
inhabitants of this land at that time. After
Ayarians Egyptian king "OS-RUS" and then
Asyria's Queen also attacked on this land. Tatars
also attacked on Punjab. The king of Iran DARA
also occupied Punjab. During 326 B.C Alexander
the great also marched towards this land. After
him king of Muyrian empire Chandragupta
established his rule in this land. Then after him
Khushan Dynasty captured Punjab. Gradually
passing these stages Punjab came into the hands of
Muslim rulers and first of them was Muhammad
Bin Qasim and Mehmood Ghaznwi. Then came
the period of Sikh rulers they captured Lahore
(part of Punjab) in 1768 A.D and in 1799 they
completely occupied the Punjab as a whole. In
1849 after the death of one of Sikh raja's Ranjit
Singh Englishman became able to entered in and
captured the Punjab. During the partition of 1947
Punjab segregated into two parts the Eastern
Punjab and the Western Punjab. Punjab has rich
culture because many nations and civilizations took their part in it as well as it has very old
history. In this research article it is tried to
describe the poli t ical hi story culture and
geoghaphy of Punjab.
Dr Saima Batool. (2018) کتھا دیس پنجاب دی, Parakh, Volume 3, Issue 2, 6th Edition.
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