Abstract
The consequences of vitamins and minerals deficient diet has presented considerable health issues that is extensively prevalent
in developing countries including Pakistan. Consumer’s dependence on plant based foods and lower availability of meat
appears to be the considerable reason to increase the prevalence of nutritional scarcity. However, infants and child bearing
women are the most susceptible individuals victimized due to malnutrition. Mainly the micronutrients which are deficient in
malnutrition include iron, iodine and vitamin A which leads to anemia, goiter and many other disorders. Health and wellbeing
of people can be improved by decreasing the micronutrient deficiencies. Among various strategies to combat these deficiencies,
food fortification in recent era looks to be most favorable way to handle the situation of malnutrition without altering the
existing dietary habits. Food fortification efficiently enhances nutrient bioavailability by imparting positive effects on
consumer’s health with a significant economical impact. The effectiveness of fortification either bio-fortification or food
fortification programs is determined by effective implementation, monitoring, quality control, compliance and correction of
identified issues in addition to efficacy of the fortified food. Accordingly, in this paper, the current situation of micronutrient
deficiencies has been reviewed along with status of wheat flour fortification to facilitate further research activities.
