Abstract
Objective: To compare the physiological and biochemical markers in healthy and periodontitis subjects, and to
relate these markers with the periodontal health condition.
Methods: The case-control study was conducted at the Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from April 2017
to March 2018, and comprised systematically healthy controls and periodontitis cases. Periodontal probing depth,
clinical attachment loss, oral hygiene indices, educational status and body mass index were recorded for all the
subjects. Serum levels of biochemical markers, including calcium, phosphate and interleukin-6, were also measured.
Data was analysed using SPSS 16.
Results: Of the 150 subjects, 75(50%) each were in the case and control groups. The overall mean age was
31.23±3.7 years (range: 22-42 years). The cases had relatively poor oral hygiene indices and educational status
compared to the controls (p<0.05). Serum calcium level was lower, whereas mean body mass index was higher in
the cases compared to the controls (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in interleukin-6 and phosphate
levels (p>0.05). Clinical attachment loss showed significant correlation (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Low serum calcium and educational levels, higher body mass index and poor oral hygiene were found
to be the risk factors for the progression of periodontitis.
Sara Rafique, Sadaf Khan, Shahbaz Ahmed, Rafat Amin, Masood Anwar Qureshi. (2021) Case-control study for assessment of factors associated with periodontitis among adults attending a university hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, Volume 71, Issue 1.
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