Abstract
Objective: Vitamin D levels have shown significant geographical distribution, therefore, this study was conducted
to evaluate its relationship to a specific geographic area with a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency to the
important maternal manifestation of preeclampsia. This study established the association of vitamin D deficiency to
preeclampsia among women of reproductive age.
Method: It is a retrospective case-control study done to measure serum vitamin D levels in pregnant women
receiving care at the King Fahad Medical City Riyadh with preeclampsia (n=100) and normal pregnancy (controls,
n=200) from 2012 to 2014. Odds of developing preeclampsia with vitamin D deficiency were calculated using
logistic regression analysis.
Results: The mean serum vitamin D level was 25.35?ng/ml in controls and 15.95?ng/ml in pre-eclampsia women.
Comparing to those who had a serum vitamin D level of <50ng/ml,, the odds ratio of developing preeclampsia in
women with vitamin D deficiency was 4.2 (95% CI=1.23-14.35) while adjusting for age, BMI and duration of
pregnancy.
Conclusion: The risk of developing preeclampsia might increase by up to 4-fold in women with vitamin D
deficiency. Since preeclampsia could lead to maternal and neonatal complications, vitamin D could be added
during pregnancy to decrease these adverse consequences
Aisha Mansoor Ali, Zarqa Saleem, Munazzah Rafique. (2021) Association of vitamin D deficiency to the risk of preeclampsia in Saudi Arabia, Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, Volume 71, Issue 1.
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