Abstract
Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) – Stein
Leventhal syndrome is one of the most common
metabolic/endocrine system disorders in women of
reproductive age. Females having PCOS present with
a constellation of presentations associated with the
androgen excess along with menstrual dysfunction
that significantly influences their quality of life. They
are at augmented risk of various morbidities,
including insulin resistance (leading to type-2
diabetes), obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD),
infertility, cancer, and psychological disorders.
Stein and Leventhal described it, in 1935, as a
disorder in which aapproximately 10 cysts of
diameter from 2 and 9 mm appear in one or both
ovaries with/without increase in ovarian volume
1
exceeding 10 ml . As stated, it was considered as a
disorder of women of reproductive age; however,
recent evidences suggest it to be a lifelong
syndrome, manifesting since prenatal age. Actually,
rendering to the Rotterdam criteria, the prevalence
of PCOS in youth varies between a minimum of 3%
2
and a maximum of 26%. However, its prevalence in
3
children is still unknown. PCOS costs significantly
huge economic burden. Around five billion dollars
are annually spent in America for screening and
treatment of the disease and its complications e.g.
infertility, hirsutism, diabetes mellitus etc. Women
with PCOS are two times more likely to be admitted
4
inpatient as compared to normal females. Hence,
early and correct diagnosis is essential not only for
the prevention of future comorbidities but also to
diminish financial burden on the patient and society.
Saadia Sultana. (2018) An Updated Overview on Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome, Journal of Islamic International Medical College, Volume-13, Issue-3.
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