Abstract
In a field study the biological efficiency of intercropping in direct-seeded upland rice was determined at the University of Agriculture Faisalabad for two consecutive years. The intercropping systems comprised rice alone, rice + maize, rice + sesbania, rice + mungbean and rice + pigeonpea. The rice was seeded in 75cm spaced 4 - row strips (15/75 cm) while the intercrops as forage were seeded on the vacant spaces between the rice strips. The rice grain yield was decreased to a significant level by the forage intercrops compared to monocropped rice which varied from 10.94 to 25.87 %, with the maximum (25.87 %) by sesbania followed by pigeon pea (16.67) against the minimum (10.94 %) by maize intercrop. In terms of total rice grain yield equivalent (TRGYE), the highest TRGYE (6.45 tha-1) was recorded for rice + forage maize intercropping system followed by rice + cowpea (5.08 t ha-1 ) and rice + sesbania (4.92 t ha-1) against the minimum (4.02 tha-1 ) for monocropped rice clearly indicating yield advantages of intercropping over monocropping of rice. By contrast, the grain quality of rice was not affected significantly by different intercrops.

Riaz Ahmad, Abdul Jabbar, Azraf-ul-Haq Ahmad, Ehsanullah, Iftikhar Hussain Bhatti. (2007) Evaluation Of Direct-seeded Upland Rice-based Intercropping Systems Under Strip Planting Geometry , , Volume-44, Issue-2.
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