Abstract
The war backed by the United States and its allies against the former Soviet Union in Afghanistan during 1979-88 and its social, political and economic fallout paved the way for extremism, militancy and terrorism in Pakistan. Further, state authoritarianism, political and social decay in the 1980s and 1990s played their part in the growth of fanatical outfits prone to violence. Following the 9/11 events in the United States, the West became obsessed with the activities of these perverse groups without giving due regard to the tolerant and liberal nature of the Pakistani society in common with South and West Asia's peaceable ethos. The revival of liberal-democratic process in Pakistan in recent months is evidence of the way its people look at religious extremism and terrorism. The United States and the international community can respond now by cooperating with Pakistan in its efforts to address militancy and terrorism through political means and advocacy.

Dr Eamon Murphy, Dr Ahmad Rashid Malik. (2009) Pakistan Jihad: The Making Of Religious Terrorism, IPRI Journal, Volume-09, Issue-2.
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