Abstract
The Indian Ocean is an area where much of the economic and strategic dynamics of the 21st century will be played out. Its importance in the world order as well as international economy, security and stability has steadily increased after the end of the cold war. The region today is an arena of contemporary geopolitics as through its turbulent waters the highest tonnage of goods in the world with nearly 65 percent of the world’s known oil and 35 percent of the gas located in the Indian Ocean littoral passes. With the energy demand on the rise and sources of supply dwindling, the world is now entering a new epoch—the Geo-Energy Era in which disputes over vital resources will dominate world affairs. The new US Strategic Guidance 2012 has linked the US economy and security to developments in the Indian Ocean elevating India to the position of a long-term strategic partner serving “as a regional anchor” in the region. With its enhanced international profile, greater credibility, reach and staying power, Pakistan Navy (PN) can be a vital player in the Indian Ocean region as well as an instrument of the country’s foreign policy. PN can furthermore act as a catalyst in reinforcing the nation’s conventional and strategic deterrence. However, a clearly identifiable foreign policy remains the need of the hour.

Muhammad Azam Khan, Ayesha Aijaz. (2012) The Indian Ocean, United States And Pakistan Navy, IPRI Journal, Volume-12, Issue-2.
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