Abstract
This study attempts to answer the question that how low intensity
level violent and non-violent/latent Pakistan-India conflict has
affected school enrollment and public educational spending in
Pakistan. This study hypothesizes that less- or non-violent PakistanIndia conflict deteriorates school enrollment and public educational
spending in Pakistan through its interaction with; internal conflict,
political institutions, and defense spending in Pakistan. School
enrollment and public educational spending in Pakistan have been
regressed upon Pakistan-India conflict along with interacting
variables, i.e. Pak-India*Internal Conflict, Pak-India*polity, PakIndia*Milex. The coefficient on Pakistan-India conflict comes out to
be insignificant which indicates the absence of direct effect of this
conflict on education. However, as far as the indirect effects of this
conflict are concerned, the effect of internal conflict and political
institutions in Pakistan on enrollment becomes negative and
significant when interacted with Pakistan-India conflict. The
estimation results do not support the guns for butter theory in
Pakistan.
