Abstract
Sarcocystosis is a parasitic disease caused by Sarcocystis species that infect humans
and animals. It is prevalent in small ruminants like sheep and goats worldwide and
causing pathogenic impacts that lead to economic losses owing to carcass
condemnation, abortion, and death. Recently, several molecular and phylogenetic
analyses have been developed to differentiate Sarcocystis species including, the 18S
rRNA, 28S rRNA, 18S rDNA, and ITS-1 region. In recent years, the mitochondrial
cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox-1) was successfully used for this purpose. The
DNA barcoding using the cox1 gene is a reliable tool to distinguish and identify the
main Sarcocystis genotypes. Therefore, several studies confirmed that the cox1 gene is
a promising DNA marker for studying the genus Sarcocystis. The current review aims
to highlight the molecular methods that exist for the identification of Sarcocystis
species. The results showed that the Sarcocystis species of sheep and goats were
genetically close related and may be considered as sibling strains, as well as the crossinfection may happen among them. Consequently, the host specificity of several
Sarcocystis species is questionable. The findings additional emphasized that
experimental transmission investigations within the proposed definitive host are
required to confirm the characteristics and host ranges of the Sarcocystis spp. in sheep
and goats. The current review represents updated knowledge about molecular
discrimination of Sarcocystis species in small ruminants by reviewing and analyzing
the recent articles in this aspect.
Sara Omar Swar, Bushra Hussain Shnawa. (2021) Recent advances in molecular characterization of Sarcocystis species in some meat producing animals: an updated review, Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology, Volume-09, Issue-1.
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