Abstract
Vande Mataram is a Bengali rhyme written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in 1870s, which he included in his 1881 novel Anandamath. The poem was composed into song by Rabindrnath Tagore. The first two verses of the song were adopted as the National Song of India in October 1937 by the Congress Working Committee prior to the end of colonial rule in August 1947. The title 'Vande Mataram' means "I praise thee, Mother". The "mother goddess" in later verses of the song has been interpreted as the motherland of the people – Banga Mata (Mother Bengal) and Bharat Mata (Mother India), though the text does not state this clearly. It played a vital role in the Indian Independence Movement, first sung in a political context by Rabindrnath Tagore at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress. It became a popular marching song for political activism and Indian freedom movement in 1905. The article gives detailed information about its history, meaningfulness and impact on Hindu Muslim confrontatio
Irum slamat. (2015) ہندی ترانہ بندے ماترم كا ناقدانہ جایزہ, Epistemology: Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 2, Issue 2.
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