Abstract
Since the rising of Islam, a tremendous amount of literature on morality, ethics, and virtue has been written, for the betterment of societies, in varied aspects—ranging from philosophical, psychological, and historical aspects. No doubt, there is a large amount of literature on Qurʼānic studies, Ḥadīth, Fiqh, philosophy, etc., and their varied branches. One specific genre in the Ḥadīth literature (Ulum al-Ḥadīth), which has seen its flowering from the classical era, is termed as ‘Ḥadīth-based ethics’. It has its evidence in such solid theoretical classical works as Tameer-e-Akhlāq by Al-Ḥārth Muḥāsbī (857 AD); Adab-ul-Mufarrad by Imām Bukhārī (870 AD); Makārim-al-Akhlāq by Ibn-e-Abi Dunya (894 AD); Al-Akhlāq Wa-Siyar by Ibn-e-Ḥazam (994 AD), and many other prolific scholars who made a founding patron and provided ethical mentorship for the societies. To this specific genre, in the pre-modern and modern periods, a modest contribution has been made by the Ḥadīth-Scholars in the Subcontinent (present day India and Pakistan). In this genre, they have consistently emphasized on Akhlāq (ethics) and Tazkiya-e-Nafs (self-purification), and on the ethico-moral lessons of the Prophet’s Seerah. In this context, this study clearly highlights the difference between Ḥadīth-based theoretical works and Seerah books for the promotion of ethics and morality in the Subcontinent both in India and Pakistan, particularly during the last and present (20th and 21st) centuries). It also will examine the compiled work, by exploring either deontological and utilitarian approaches or purely Ḥadīth-based theoretical morality based approaches. The major objective of this study is to promote the Ḥadīth-based theoretical philosophy after reviewing the selected purely Ḥadīth-based ethical works, produced in the Subcontinent.
Nisar Ahmad, Hafiz Abdul Ghani. (2021) Theoretical Development of Ḥadīth -based Ethics in Indian Subcontinent (Examining the Written Work/ Approaches during 20th & 21st Centuries), Pakistan Journal of Islamic Research, Volume No. 22, 01.
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