Abstract
The study attempted at redefining bullying, its nature, scope, and dimensions in cultural perspective of Pakistan. Direct and Indirect Prisoners Checklist (DIPC modified) © Ireland 1999 and Rehabilitation in Correctional Settings Attitude Scale (RICS) © Rice, 1970 were used in the study. Randomly selected (400) male and female prison inmates from all four Provinces’ major prisons of Pakistan participated in the study. Study was conducted in the cultural context of a collectivist society, like Pakistan (developing country), while the previous studies were carried out in individualistic societies, i.e., in the UK, USA, or Canada (developed countries). Reliability values for the DIPC and RICS subscales were calculated and found to be in acceptable range, except for the Proactive /Positive Behaviors. Thus, all sub scales except for "Proactive/Positive Behaviors towards Other” were included in the main analyses. The results suggested that victims experienced physical, psychological, theft-related, and indirect bullying to similar degrees. However, psychological bullying was the most prevalent, while physical bullying the least. Both male and female prisoners reported that they were victimized by bullying more than they perpetrated bullying, with gender having no difference. Demographic variables and prisoner's self-reported engagement in bullying behavior did not show any significance.
Dr. Muhammad Azam Tahir*, Bairakataris Konstantinos†. (2011) BULLYING AMONG PRISON INMATES IN PAKISTAN: AN EXPLORATION OF THE PROBLEM, Balochistan Review, Volume 1, Issue 1.
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