Abstract
In this analysis, the genetic diversity in 50 (25 commercial and 25 landraces) bread
wheat genotypes were examined for phenotype, with a goal of revealing correlations
between yield and 12 other common agro-morphological characters. An experiment
was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The mean
squares values from analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for all
13 character among the tested genotypes, indicating that these materials can be
evaluated in further experiments. Based on mean performance, the commercial wheat
variety NIA-Sundar and landrace T-23 produced the maximum grain yield per plot
when compared to the other genotypes, demonstrating the importance of these two
genotypes in wheat breeding programs. High heritability estimates (h2) were detected
for all character, signifying that the variation observed was mainly under genetic
control and was less influenced by the environment. Hence, the improvement of this
character can be made through direct phenotypic selection. The results also showed that
spike length, grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1, tillers/m2, seed index, and biological
yield plot-1 had positive and significant associations with grain yield plot-1,
demonstrating that genotypes having more of this character may be preferred in
selection for generating high yielding bread wheat genotypes. Comparing the genetic
variability between commercial and landraces of bread wheat through PCA, traditional
wheat genotypes tended to possess more genetic variance in the first three components
of PCA than its counterpart. That indicates that old wheat genotypes possess precious
genetic resources; thus, these genetic resources should be cultivated in future breeding
programs. Via cluster analysis, diverse parents have also been identified, signifying
their importance for upcoming hybridization programs.
Raza Ali Rind, Abdul Wahid Baloch, Wajid Ali, Muhammad Azeem, Aamir Ali , Muhammad Rafique , Abdul Latif Nizamani, Mir Muhammad Nizamani. (2019) Genetic diversity analysis in Pakistani commercial and landrace genotypes of bread wheat, Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology, Volume 7, Issue 2.
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