Abstract
This study deals with structure, dynamics and regeneration potential of Monotheca buxifolia and associated tree species. Fifteen stands
at different locations in district Dir Hindukush range of Pakistan were chosen for the study. Point centered quarter method for trees
and 5×5m size quadrats were used for sampling of understorey vegetation including shrubs, seedlings and saplings respectively. Size
class structure and regeneration potential of Monotheca buxifolia and associated tree species, were examined that reflect the dynamics
of species and consequently the forests where it dominates. The arboreal vegetation was mostly dominated by broad leaved species
including Monotheca buxifolia, Olea ferruginea, Acacia modesta, Punica granatum, Quercus baloot and Ficus palmata. The
understorey vegetation composed of Dodonea viscosa, Justicia adhatoda, Otostegia limbata, Indigofera gerardiana, Plantago
lanceolata, Rumex dentatus, Marrubium vulgaris, Fragaria nubicola, Geranium rotundifolium, Daphne oleoides, Solanum nigram,
Ajuga bracteosa, Oxalis corniculata seedlings of Monotheca buxifolia, Quercus baloot and Punica granatum. At the seedling and
sapling stage, maximum number was observed for Monotheca buxifolia (27±5.75 and 38±7.1) followed by Quercus baloot (18±2.2
and 12±1.0) and Olea ferruginea. As for as regeneration status is concerned, 34% species show good regeneration, 50% species were
facing the problem of poor regeneration while, only 16% species were not regenerating. Size class structure of Monotheca buxifolia
and associated tree species for individual stands exhibited a few gaps. Relationships between density and basal area were significant
but density and basal area with altitudinal and slope gradient showed non significant relation. Some recommendations are outlined for
future research and sustainable management of these forests species.
