Abstract
The former NWFP, now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was separated from the Punjab in 1901 by Lord Curzon, viceroy of India. This province was kept deprived of the blessings of Constitutional Reforms till 1932 and this area was known for a long time as Sarzamen-e-Bay-Ayin (the land without law). Educationally the Frontier Muslims were the most backward and it was at that time when the Edwardes Memorial School and later on Edwardes Mission College was opened in Peshawar. In 1913, Sir Sahibzada Abdul Qayum Khan laid the foundation stone of the Islamia College and the Collegiate School. These institutions created political consciousness among the Pakhtuns which helped the various movements like Khilafat Movement, Hijrat Movement, Khudai Khidmatgaars Movement and anti Rowalt Act Movement which aimed at evicting the British from the sub-continent.
Nadia Bashir. (2013) A REVIEW OF POLITICAL AWAKENING IN NWFP (1901-1947), Pakistan , Volume 49, Issue 1.
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