Objective: To determine the association between maternal risk factors and birth asphyxia in neonates presenting in tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore from June 1, 2015 to November 30, 2015. Material and Methods: A case control study was conducted in Department of Pediatric Medicine, Mayo Hospital Lahore. 140 neonates were enrolled through non-probability purposive sampling. Informed consent, demographic and maternal information was collected and recorded on proforma. Patients were divided in two equal groups depending upon presence or absence of birth asphyxia. . Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The mean gestational age of neonates was 34.14 ± 2.04 weeks with 89 (64%) male and 51 (36%) female.101 (72%) neonates were preterm while 39 (28%) were born at term. 75 (53.6%) neonates were born to primigravida mothers; out of whom 45 (64.3%) had birth asphyxia. Out of 86 (61.4%) mothers diagnosed with pregnancy induced hypertension 50 (71.4%) belonged to case group. 61 mothers had premature rupture of membranes, out of whom 42 (60%) belonged to case group. Conclusion: Primiparity, premature rupture of membranes and maternal hypertension were found statistically significant risk factors associated with birth asphyxia in neonates.
