Abstract
Climate change and changing climatic patterns are posing a threat to the sustainability of
life on earth. Climate change is attributed to the accumulation of greenhouse gas
emissions (GHG) in the atmosphere representing environmental degradation. This study
explores the links of renewable energy, water withdrawal, and economic growth with
environmental degradation and provides empirical evidence using the panel data of 166
countries over the period 1990-2017. The study used panel data techniques and reported
the results obtained from Pooled OLS, Random Effects, Fixed Effects estimations and 2
Stage Least Square(2SLS). The results support the role of renewable energy in
environmental mitigation whereas water withdrawal contributes to emissions.
Furthermore, results support the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC).
Empirical evidence also suggests the positive role of solar, wind, geothermal and
hydroelectricity in environmental improvement. The sensitivity analysis also confirms the
robustness of empirical findings. The sensitivity analysis also indicates the validity of Nshaped EKC. The study provides useful insights into the role played by renewable energy
in environmental mitigation and water withdrawal in increasing emissions which help to
promote the consumption and production of renewable energy and increase its share in
the energy mix for environmental mitigation.
Muhammad Tariq Majeed, Tania Luni . (2019) Renewable Energy, Water, and Environmental Degradation: A Global Panel Data Approach, Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, Volume 13, Issue 3.
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