Abstract
Continuous discharge of untreated urban and industrial waste water is a source of heavy metals in soil
is a major threat to ecological system and human health. Present study was carried out to evaluate human
health risks in association with food chain contamination of heavy metals from urban and industrial wastewater
irrigation. During present investigation, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ concentrations were analyzed in mostly
cultivated/consumed Brassica oleracea. Var. Botyris species in Lahore (LHR), Narowal and Kasur districts of
Punjab, Pakistan. The average concentration of elemental Zn in sewage-irrigated samples was the highest
(153.4233mg kg−1
), followed by Cd2+ (70.47333 mg kg−1
) and Pb (65.79667mg kg−1
). Results showed higher
Pb2+ and Cd2+ level in B. oleracea than daily intake of metals (DIM) standard limits, cultivated on wastewater.
Whereas health risk index (HRI) was found maximum (23.22 mg kg−1
) for this vegetable cultivated on waste
water in Kasur region. From the health point of view, the long-term consumption of contaminated vegetables is
one of the causes of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks
ZEESHAN REHMAN, RANA ABRAR HUSSAIN, SHAISTA JABEEN, SAKHAWAT ALI, ZAHAR NOREEN, IRUM MUKHTAR. (2018) Heavy metals (Cd, Pb & Zn) accumulation in Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea. Var. Botyris) and associated health risks assessment in three Districts of Punjab, Pakistan, Biologia – Journal of Biological Society of Pakistan, Volume 64 (I), Volume 64 (I).
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