Abstract
The residual effect of malathion on insect pollinators i.e., honey bees, butterflies, syrphid flies and bumble bees, was observed in field and in semi-field experiments. For the study the recommended field dose of malathion (0.002gm/ml) was sprayed on a patch of marigold (Calendula officinalis). Number of pollinators that visited the study patches before insecticide application (control) and after application (insecticide treatment) was recorded. The data was recorded till 10th day after the insecticide spray. Total number of insect pollinators was significantly higher before insecticide spray. There was drastic decline in the number of pollinators, especially of honey bees, after the insecticide treatment. However, it is concluded that malathion is highly toxic to insect pollinators and use of malathion should be minimized to protect the population of insect pollinators which provide important services to the pollination of agricultural crops

ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD TAHIR, SALMA BEGUM, KAFEEL AHMED, SAIRA BATOOL, RABIA YAQOOB, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA. (2016) Toxic Effect of Malathion on Insect Pollinators Visiting Marigold Flowers, Biologia – Journal of Biological Society of Pakistan, Volume 62 (I), Issue 1.
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