Tamoxifen in breast cancer can be continued for 10 years with increased benefit but endometrial cancer can develop in treated patients. We report a case of poorly differentiated endometrioid adenocarc ... Read More
We report a case of 67 year-old man with Parkinson's disease who has gait disturbance for eight years. The Pedunculopontine Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation (PPN-DBS) surgery was performed and gait para ... Read More
Objectives: To determine waiting time for patients attending medical outdoor clinic and to identifying the expectations of patients and their level of satisfaction with the waiting time. Methods: All ... Read More
Objectives: To assess the clinical presentation, associated anomalies and outcome of patients born with congenital pyloric atresia. Methodology: A case series study conducted at the Department of Ped ... Read More
Objective: Pakistan has no policy on the vitamin D supplementation of 'low-risk' breastfed infants. This work as having the intent to look at 25-(OH) vit D status in infants and their nursing mothers, ... Read More
Objectives: To study pregnancy outcome in women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus looking for preterm delivery, growth restricted babies and the effect of SLE in developing pre-eclampsia. Methods: Th ... Read More
Nasolaryngeal neoplasm is one of the malignant neoplasm of head and neck region that may present with cervical lymph node enlargement. Nasopharygeal carcinoma constitutes 85% of all malignant tumors o ... Read More
Objective: To compare the short and long term intraocular pressure changes after intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide and bevacizumab in diabetic macular edema cases presenting at Al-Shi ... Read More
Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of contact lens (CL) care among students of Wah Medical College and to find out its relation to allergic conjunctivitis. Methods: It was a cross section ... Read More
Objectives: to study the red cell indices and HB% variation in third trimester of pregnancy and also to compare the indicator for their significance in labeling a cell as hypochromic or microcytic.. ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of intrauterine packing, in selected cases of postpartum hemorrhage in resource-poor settings. PLACE ANDDURATION: The study was conducted at department ... Read More
Objective: We evaluated PSA as a predictor of biological behavior of prostate cancer by comparing it with Gleason score. Methodology: We retrospectively studied 105 prostate cancer patients with mean ... Read More
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Alfuzosin with or without Tolterodine, in men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) having irritative (overactive bladder) symptoms. Methodology: This randomi ... Read More
Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of accelerated Ponseti technique for the treatment of clubfoot. Methodology: This prospective experimental study was conducted at orthopedic and spine surgery unit ... Read More
Objective: To identify the pain perception and its effect on daily activities among patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: At the Emergency Department of Queen Alia Hospital, Amman, Jo ... Read More
Aim: To assess the functional outcome of tension band wiring in transverse fracture of olecranon process of ulna. Materials and Methods : This is a prospective descriptive study. 20 patients with disp ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: To illustrate the clinico-pathological pattern of thyroid disease treated surgically at a tertiary care hospital. METHODOLOGY:This retrospective and descriptive case study was conducted ... Read More
Objective: To determine the frequency, presentation and variations of common skin problems presenting to a primary health care clinic in Nurpur Shahan during year 2012. Methodology: All patients with ... Read More
Objective: To assess the effect of nutritional status on the cognitive function of individuals 60 years or above living in and Islamabad and its vicinity. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place o ... Read More
Objective: Neo-vascularization is vital for expansion and metastasis of a tumour and is influenced by a number of mediators. Mast cells are believed to release many pro-angiogenic mediators that may h ... Read More
Objective: To determine level of fatigue and factors associated with fatigue in clinical and non clinical physical therapy student. Methodology: A group of 200 physical therapy students (100 clinical ... Read More
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the role of physiotherapy in rehabilitation of facial muscles to relieve spasticity of facial muscles due to hemorrhagic stroke. Methodology: T ... Read More
Objective: To assess knowledge and attitude regarding cigarette smoking among medical students of Rawalpindi Medical College. Methodology: Of total 975 medical students included in this descriptive c ... Read More
Objective: To compare peak expiratory flow rates amongst smokers and nonsmokers. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at 1 Mountain Medical Battalion and PAF Hospital Rafiqui from Janu ... Read More
Objectives: To determine the incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in women aged between 40-65 years and find the association between BMD and biochemical parameters. Methods: The present study was ... Read More
Objective: To assess the knowledge and awareness about radiation among patients visiting our institution. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out atSocial Security hospital, Islamabad ... Read More
Objective: To assess daytime sleepiness in the male medical students aged 18-25 years and to relate their Epworth score with their mean duration of sleep. Methodology: This randomized cross sectional ... Read More
Objective: To assess the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among adults aged 20-60 years of both sexes in south area of Jordan. Design and method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study ... Read More
Objectives: To explore the condition of cold storage drug transportation to and from the main medical stores and the Royal Medical Services hospitals, according to the Jordan (MOH) regulations and sta ... Read More
Liver is an organ with enormous metabolic activity going on all the time. Many of the drugs and other substances that we consume go into the body through the liver. During this process, many of the dr ... Read More
Erosive chest wall abscess as a complication following disseminated Staphylococcus aureus infection is rare. Here, we reported a case of disseminated Staphylococcus aureus infection with an erosive ch ... Read More
Lymphocytic mastitis is an uncommon fibro-inflammatory breast disease , found in association with some auto-immune disorder e.g Type 1 diabetes , rheumatoid arthritis ,Sjogren's syndrome etc. The lym ... Read More
Celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong gluten-sensitive autoimmune disorder of the small intestine. These patients present with gastrointestinal symptoms, extra-gastrointestinal symptoms or no symptoms. Ad ... Read More
Objective: To assess the perceptions of students and faculty of Shifa College of Medicine regarding the effectiveness of small group discussion as a learning strategy. Methods: This cross-sectional s ... Read More
Objective: To compare the knowledge and awareness of a group of doctors who had studied medical ethics as students with those who had not. Methodology: This case control study was conducted in Lahore ... Read More
Objective: To study the effects of chronic restraint stress on body weight with respect to serum corticosterone levels in Sprague Dawley rats. Methodology: This experimental study was carried out at ... Read More
Objective: The safety of nicotine use in pregnancy has been a matter of debate vis-à-vis its effects on the mother and the developing foetus. The current study examined the effect of prenatal nicotine ... Read More
Objective: To determine the patients' satisfaction with standard of care being provided in Pakistan Ordinance Factories Hospital Wah Cantt. Methods: The study was conducted at POF Hospital Wah Cantt f ... Read More
Objective: We studied associations among demographic, environmental and parental variables and TV viewing among school children in community of Wah Cantt, Pakistan. Methodology: Parents of school chi ... Read More
Objective: To determine the frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) in febrile children at Prince Rashed Bin Al Hasan Hospital, Irbid, Jordan. Methodology: This descriptive study includes boys and ... Read More
Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of misoprostol in missed miscarriage Methodology: This descriptive study was were conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MCH Centre, Un ... Read More
Objective: To assess effect of tranexamic acid on blood loss during and after cesarean section. Methodology: We performed a randomized controlled trial at Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur from M ... Read More
Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of 25 microgram of sublingual misoprostol with 2 mg of vaginal dinoprostone for induction of labor at term. Materials and Methods: This study was conduct ... Read More
Objective: To determine the frequency, demographics, type of abortionist, method used, and morbidity associated with complicated cases of unsafe abortion admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Methodo ... Read More
Objective: To determine the possibilities and effectiveness of topical anesthesia for simple corneal repair. Methodolgy: This descriptive study was carried out at Govt Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar ... Read More
Objective: To determine the frequency of incidental carcinoma in a multinodular goiter (MNG) considered as benign preoperatively. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in Me ... Read More
Objectives: To evaluate a modified tension band Osteosynthesis wiring method for closed transverse patellar fractures and compare the outcomes with conventional tension band wiring Osteosynthesis for ... Read More
Objective: To assess the improvement in quality of life after Total knee replacement (TKR) at one, three and six months after surgery. Methodology: In this observational study, all the patients who w ... Read More
Objective: To determine outcome of immediate primary skin closure in type II and IIIA open tibial fractures in terms of infection rate. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted at Orthopedic ... Read More
Objective: To evaluate if early cholecystectomy was safe in mild biliary pancreatitis. Methodology: This prospective observational study included 72 patients with mild biliary pancreatitis over a per ... Read More
Objective: To investigate of damaged persons and available operating rooms (OR) in Busan and neighboring cities under the assumption of Tsunami in Haeundae Beach, Korea. Methodology: We assumed that ... Read More
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of incentive spirometry in preventing post- operative pulmonary complications after laparotomy. Methodology: This randomized control trial was conducted in t ... Read More
Objective: To inhance the knowledge of rural population regarding good and bad effects of trace and toxic metal present in the said medicinal plant citrullus colosynthis Lin and validating the use of ... Read More
Objective: To investigate the possible effect of multiple blood transfusions on different hormones with respect to age and sex in thalassemic children. Methodology: An experimental study was conducte ... Read More
Objectives: To evaluate the hematological derangements associated with malaria and response to treatment in children. Methodology: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study using convenience sampl ... Read More
Objective: The study was designed to find out the prevalence of rice allergy in Hyderabad, Sindh and adjoining areas and to investigate association of rice allergy with respiratory symptoms and serum ... Read More
Objective: To investigate the effect of lipid profile and obesity on the risk of women with breast cancer in Jordanian population. Methodology: We collected blood samples from103 patients, 76 of them ... Read More
Objectives: To determine the frequency of different types of parasitic infections, month in which these are most prevalent and age group of affected persons. Methodology: It was a retrospective cross ... Read More
Objectives: To investigate the frequency of complications in patients with acute Organo-Phosphorus (OP) poisoning. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Poison Control ... Read More
Objective: To determine the prevalence ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and to investigate the most common precipitating factors. Methodology: This is a retrospective study held at intensive ... Read More
Hepatitis C (HCV) affects millions in Pakistan. The disease is deadly, remains asymptomatic for number of years and leads to chronic hepatitis resulting in cirrhosis of the liver culminating in decomp ... Read More
We present here a distinguished association between giant hairy melanocytic nevus and vitiligo in the same patient which is not present in any case in literature. A 7 year old male presented with gian ... Read More
A case of Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO).idiopathic pachydermoperiostosis (PDP), with pituitary microadenoma and absent lateral incisors is described. The patient had the typical findings ... Read More
We present a 65-year-old woman who underwent repeated surgery after being diagnosed as a case of recurrent malignant melanoma. Initial treatment included surgical excision with adjuvant cryotherapy an ... Read More
Inverted Papilloma is a benign tumour that generates a lot of attention due to it being notoriously known to be locally aggressive, high recurrence rate and risk of malignant transformation. It is com ... Read More
Nasal meningocele is a herniation of the meninges into the nasal cavity through a defect in the cribriform plate while encephaloce is an extension of intracranial structures outside of the normal conf ... Read More
A proper care plan regarding bed sore prevention, progression can aid to minimize the complications, and improve the quality of life for long term in bed ridden cases. A case affected by central ponti ... Read More
A 45 year old female patient presented with 2 month history of obstructive jaundice. Her bilirubin was 5.8mg/dl, ALT 68u/l and Alkaline Phosphatase 3800u/l. Ultrasound abdomen showed diffusely enlarge ... Read More
Congenital Rhabdomyosarcoma arising from tongue is an extremely uncommon entity. In Intergroup of Rhabdomyosarcoma studies only seven cases have been documented. We present the case of a newborn baby ... Read More
Congenital chylothorax is the accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the pleural space. It is the most common cause of pleural effusion causing respiratory distress in the neonate. Cases unresponsive ... Read More
Objective: To explore the hazards of Mainpuri Chewing (MC) in our area. Methodology: 114, Mainpuri chewers and 119 matched non chewers, aged 15 to 45 years, residing at Hyderabad and adjoining areas ... Read More
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Abha, Saudi Arabia in diabetes patients with the objective to study rate of compliance, barriers and role of health education in diabetes management. The stu ... Read More
Background: Empathetic communication is regarded as the best approach to meet the needs of a person with disabilities (PWDs) and is critical to the development of professionalism in the undergraduate ... Read More
Palmaris longus (PL) muscle is one of the most variable anatomical entities in the human body and its absence (agenesis) is a frequent anatomical variation, the prevalence of which varies in different ... Read More
Objective: To Compare results and outcome of early to interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy for complications, reasons for convertion ,conversion rate, operation time and hospital stay. So to evaluate ... Read More
Background planter fasciitis is the one of the most common complaints prevailing in the community. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the effectiveness of foot Orthosis in management ... Read More
Objectives: We tried to find out the impact of anesthetic drugs, being used recently, on the occurrence of postanesthetic apnea (PAA) after inguinal hernia repair in premature infants. Methods: A ret ... Read More
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of B lynch suture for severe postpartum hemorrhage before considering hysterectomy. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted ... Read More
The intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD) provides a safe, reversible, long-acting and cost effective form of contraception [1].Out of current IUCDs non hormonal IUCDs are more acceptable as they ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: Objective of study was to determine the effectiveness of misoprostol in management of primary PPH and look for its adverse effects. MATERIAL AND METHOD: It was an interventional quasi expe ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and efficacy of S2Q Improvised MVA STUDY DESIGN: Prospective descriptive study PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: This study was conducted in the department of obstetric ... Read More
Objective: To determine the maternal and fetal complications in pregnant epileptic women seen at neurology clinic in Islamabad, Pakistan. Methods: Retrospective chart review of pregnant epileptic wom ... Read More
Objective: To determine frequency and severity of spasticity in spinal cord injury (SCI) patient with reference to type and level of spinal cord injury and different complications. Methodology: It wa ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and socio-demographic predictors of clinical depression among combat amputees of Pakistan Armed Forces presenting at a at a military rehabilitation setup METHODS: T ... Read More
Background: On the basis of extensive literature survey it has been revealed that the impact of biomass fuel use has adverse impact on human health especially lungs but some studies contradicts with t ... Read More
The Comparative study was carried out to estimate the frequency of occupational Asthma (respiratory allergic diseases) of bakers working in different bakeries of Hyderabad (Pakistan). The study was co ... Read More
Objective: To determine the clinicopathological correlations of biopsy proven renal disease (BPRD) from a tertiary care naval hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods and patients: All the adequate nat ... Read More
Objectives: To investigate lesions from patients with LPP with regard to differences in the pattern of expression of some immuno-histochemical markers which may explain the pathogenesis of scarring pr ... Read More
Objective: Purpose of this study was to compare kinematic parameters between professional and non professional swimmers. It will help in understanding of kinematic parameters in swimming. Methodology ... Read More
Objective: To determine the frequency of various skin manifestations in adult obese patients at a tertiary care dermatology unit. Patients & Methods: The study was conducted in the Dermatology out pa ... Read More
Introduction Cases of septicemia with characteristic features of septic shock showing intravascular volume depletion, inadequate and non-uniform distribution of regional blood flow, reduced peripher ... Read More
Objectives: To assess knowledge of physicians of tertiary care hospital in Baluchistan about schizophrenia. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Me ... Read More
Aims & Objectives: To determine the predictors of outcome of exercise treadmill test for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease with a view to develop a model to identify those best suited for a con ... Read More
Objectives: To determine the levels of vitamin D among healthy asymptomatic adults of our region. Study type & settings: Hospital based analytical study, conducted at Peshawar Institute of Medical Sc ... Read More
Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain disorder caused by chronic liver failure, particularly in alcoholics with cirrhosis, which results in cognitive, psychiatric, and motor impairments ... Read More
Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with non response to lactulose in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Design: Prospective non interventional. Place and Durat ... Read More
In scientific world need for framing and implementing guidelines to protect research subjects was under consideration for long. In today’s scientific galaxy, researchers often complain against ERC as ... Read More
Horner’s syndrome is a relatively rare complication of infraclavicular brachial plexus block than supraclavicular and interscalene brachial plexus block. We performed ultrasound-guided infraclavicular ... Read More
A baby with antenatal detection of craniofacial and cardiac abnormalities at 5 months was diagnosed with bilateral choanal atresia, cleft palate, cloboma, foramen ovale defect and patent ductus arteri ... Read More
Wasp stings have been associated with wide variety of reactions from mild local reaction like wheal formation to fatal systemic reactions. Life threatening complications following a single wasp sting ... Read More
We report a case of serologically confirmed dengue hemorrhagic fever in a 20 year-old Vietnamese male, complicated by myocarditis and asymptomatic, complete AV block. ... Read More
Objective: To review the demographic data, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and outcome of parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal abscess. Methods: Seven cases of retropharyngeal or paraphary ... Read More
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is often described as the third most common form of muscular dystrophy with a slow progression. It should be considered in patients with complaints of gradual we ... Read More
Insulin resistance in chronic diseases including obesity and other metabolic diseases remains unanswered in health impairment. The aim of this article is to determine the insulin resistance in obese i ... Read More
This article covers Students’ & Facilitators’ Perspective regarding Introduction of Active Learning Strategies (ALSs). Wheather ALSs enhance Learning Process of Medical Students or not? It include a s ... Read More
Objective: To assess learning approaches of medical students at the time of their admission in Bahria University Medical & Dental Colle Subjects & Methods: It was a cross sectional observational stud ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: Phoenix dactylifera and its medicinal benefits have been reported widely. It is also well established that chronic exposure to lead (Pb2+) alters a variety of neuronal and behavioral tasks ... Read More
Background: Keratinocytic tumors are commonest skin tumours. S100A6 is useful in differentiation of BCC, SCC and other adnexal tumours. We studied expression of S100A6 and its pattern to see its role ... Read More
Objective: Purpose of our study is to describe the pattern of visceral injuries in penetrating trauma patients, their association with entry wounds and to observe the outcome of patients after surgica ... Read More
Objective A review was carried out to evaluate the outcome of lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) for chronic anal fissure. Methods: A total of 120 patients underwent lateral internal sphincteroto ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: To determine the causes for cancellation of elective surgeries at Chandka Medical College hospital, Larkana. METHODOLGY: Descriptive study having 3024 sample size, conducted at Chandka Med ... Read More
Objective: This study was conducted to review our experience in treatment of breast abscess by using needle aspiration under antibiotic cover. Study Design: It was a descriptive, case series study. ... Read More
Laparoscopic access has provided a new dimension in the diagnosis and treatment of acute abdominal disorders. In these instances, an extensive abdominal incision is avoided and treatment usually rende ... Read More
Objective: To determine the early outcome of Laparoscopic total extra peritoneal repair for inguinal hernia. Design: Descriptive study Setting and duration: 2 years study from March 2010 to February ... Read More
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety, feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic treatment in acute gynaecologic emergencies as well as to determine its role in current and future practice. ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of Cesarean section in women with increased body mass index. METHODS: It was a cross sectional study, conducted at the Department ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: Our aim of our study to see the etiology and management options of pregnancy related acute urinary retention . DESIGN. A Retrospective study SETTING: Rimsha Medical Centre Dadu and Farooq ... Read More
OBJECTIVE: The study is designed with following objectives: To provide an information to reader about different manifestation and important causes of GBS in society. SETTING: Department OF Neurology ... Read More
Objective: To identify the medication self-administered practice among a sample of Jordanian population. Methodology: This descriptive study was carried out to assess the medication self-administered ... Read More
The Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of conventional chest physiotherapy as compare to manual hyperinflation during postural drainage of ventilated COPD p ... Read More
Objectives: To determine the clinical and hematological manifestations of various lysosomal storage disorders in patients presenting to Fazle Raziq Lab Peshawar for bone marrow examination. Materia ... Read More
Background: Low back pain is common in travelers and travelling is one of the contributing factor for low back pain, the risk factors related with travelling are also observed in low back pain. Purpo ... Read More
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the main cause of cancerous deaths worldwide. The purpose of this study was to assess the dietary factors of GC in Zahedan, South east of Iran. Material and method ... Read More
Background: Obesity is one of the most important risk factors in the fatty liver disease progression, both in children and in adults. The prevalence of fatty liver in the obese children and adolescent ... Read More
Objective: The objective of this study was to correlate osteoarthritis with BMI, age and gender. Methods: This case control study was carried out at Shifa College of medicine/ Shifa International Hos ... Read More
Objective The objective of this study was to compare serum lipid levels in patients suffering from osteoarthritis with the normal controls. Methods: This study was conducted at Shifa College of medic ... Read More
Objective: Ths study was carried out to determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction associated with combination therapy with interferon-alpha and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC ... Read More
The conflict resolution and negotiation is sparingly used in political dialogue or in foreign relations parlance and the usual term we hear is peace. It can be argued that conflict resolution and nego ... Read More
