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تلخیص
While Pakistani women’s socio-economic status and formal political rights have witnessed a marked improvement in the last two decades, however, females remain underrepresented in the political institutions of the country at local levels of governance particularly. Although political activism and interest in Pakistani females’ political participation has increased, and the consideration of women’s experiences in their pursuit of elected office remains limited. Through a critical reading of the literature on women and politics and a comprehensive examination of experiences in Pakistan, this article highlights gaps between gender parity and elite-biased empirical studies of women’s political advancement and the conditions, processes, and outcomes observed across five provinces of Pakistan. Drawing on original ethnographic research in Pakistan in both general and local bodies’ elections including the Senate, this article spotlights chronological development of women’s political participation and identifies major pathways by which women in Pakistan have sought election and re-election to secure their position in political offices. In so doing, this article highlights the significance of understanding women’s varied experiences as voters, participants of the political process and ultimately members of the assemblies and also suggests a comprehensive agenda for further research.
Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Afzaal, Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Chishti, Dr. Shabbir Ahmad. (2020) POLITICAL PATHWAYS: FACTORS OF SUCCESSFUL WOMEN LEADERSHIP IN PAKISTAN, Al-Qalam, Volume 25, Issue 1.
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