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Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of fasting capillary blood glucose (CBG) using glucometer for screening of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).
Methodology: Pregnant women in their second or third trimester, who visited the laboratory for 75 gm Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, were included in the study. Fasting CBG was measured using a glucometer and simultaneous fasting venous plasma glucose (VPG) levels were analyzed on fully automated chemistry analyzer. Using the American Diabetic Association (ADA) criteria, patients with fasting VPG levels>92 mg/dl were labeled as having GDM. Diagnostic accuracy of CBG was presented in terms of sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios.
Results: Total number of patients were 713, out of which 33 (4.62 %) were diagnosed as having GDM, according to ADA criteria. Mean maternal age was 29.00+4.63 years, mean gestational age was 26.54+5.28 weeks, mean weight was 67.28+10.24 kg and mean BMI was 26.07+3.96 kg/m2. Mean fasting CBG was 89.94+7.17md/dl, mean fasting VPG was 84.06+7.32 mg/dl, mean difference between two values was 5.89+3.17mg/dl. Pearson’s correlation was 0.904(p-value<0.001). Fasting CBG by glucometer had sensitivity 96.97%, specificity 78.24%, positive predictive value 17.78%, negative predictive value 99.81%, positive likelihood ratio 4.46 and negative likelihood ratio 0.04. Diagnostic accuracy of fasting CBG by glucometer was 79.10%.
Conclusion: Fasting CBG is a simple, cost effective, rapid and convenient method. It can be recommended for screening of GDM in pregnant women especially at health care centers where automated analyzers are not available.
Nayab Afzal, Mehwish Kanwal, Ishrat Irfani, Anila Mahmood, Nabila Shams, Fehmida. (2021) Accuracy of Fasting Capillary Blood Glucose by Glucometer for Screening of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Simplicity is the Key, Journal of the Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecologists of Pakistan , Volume-11, Issue-2.
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