تلخیص
Antecedents are the conditions existing prior to instruction that may relate to outcomes. For program evaluations, the information about antecedents helps in determining the anticipated outcomes. The main focus of this quantitative investigation was to identify antecedents of Early Childhood Special Education (ECSE) program for young children with deafness enrolled in 34Government Deaf and Defective Hearing schools located in 31 districts of the Punjab province. A self developed and validated demographic information sheet consisting of 26 variables was used to collect data from schools. All the head teachers helped in filling up the information sheets about young children with deafness. The data were analyzed through SPSS version 20. The descriptive statistics exhibited district wise enrolment, and gender, age, type and degree of hearing loss wise distribution of young children with deafness. The study also answered some other questions regarding children using hearing aids, undergoing cochlear implants, taking benefit of school transport, the socio-economic status of their parents including qualification, income, profession, location of home etc. The study also informed about number of parents and siblings with and without deafness. Gaps were identified in ECSE program for young children with deafness. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations to Punjab Special Education Department were made.
Ghulam Fatima, Misbah Malik, Abid Hussain Ch., Dur-e-Nayab. (2017) Antecedents of Early Childhood Special Education Program: A Stake’s Model Perspective, Bulletin of Education & Research, Volume 39, Issue 1.
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