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With a population in excess of a 200 million coupled with an incommensurate allocation of resources, Pakistan has long fallen prey to the scourge of disease. Even more alarming is the insidious rise i ... Read More
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a complex disease described by pruritus connected with elevated serum bile acid or amino transferase level. Usually,it occurs to the third trimester of p ... Read More
Transverse vaginal septum, rare defect of mullerian duct is a congenital anomaly of female genital tract resulting in abnormal collection of menstrual blood in vagina and uterus i.e. hematometrocolpos ... Read More
Objective: This study was conducted to explore breastfeeding practices and knowledge among postnatal mothers. Methods: Anobservational Cross-sectional study was carried out in the Neonatal Di ... Read More
Background: Sophisticated health education is now become a prime requirement to bring improvements in health profiles of patients and their families. Health care activities play a significant role ... Read More
Background: Obstetric emergencies are usually sudden, unpredictable and may lead to maternal death and morbidity. Each year about 5,36,000 women die worldwide from complications of pregnancy and ch ... Read More
Objective: This study aimed at designing an audit tool for better understanding of pre-operative blood requisition and transfusion practice. These findings may help to provide evidence that an orga ... Read More
Objective: This study was conducted to collate and compare a 1 year post-surgical radiographic outcome of posterior spinalinstrumentation and correction in the coronal plane with the use of pedicle ... Read More
Background: A number of demographic and clinical variables have an effect on NT-proBNP, which has been used as a serological marker for evaluating cardiovascular disease. This study was done to eva ... Read More
Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus(RSV) infection is a common worldwide problem. Childhood mortality and morbidity due to RSV is increasing. This study was aimed at determining the sero-preval ... Read More
Certain somatic mutations are capable to confer a selective benefit to blood stem cells become much more common with aging1. This state was entitled “clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential,” ... Read More
As professionals in the healthcare industry, there is a duty deeply ingrained within us to be better today than what we were yesterday. This means that each day we have the opportunity to rise up to b ... Read More
Plants have been used to cure epileptic seizures, since ancient times. Approximately 70 percent people living in developing countries still rely on complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) regard ... Read More
Visual complications in patients with infective endocarditis include central retinal artery or vein occlusion, corneal ulcers, endophthalmitis, sub-retinal abscess, papillitis, optic neuritis and cort ... Read More
In this case report the patient belongs to rural Sindh, with poor prenatal care. She came with her third pregnancy to Ziauddin Hospital referred from interior of Sindh, with the history of previous tw ... Read More
Background: With the growing incidence of multi-drug resistant organisms, Infection Control programs in hospitals need to be more vigilant regarding staff practices and targeted training should be ... Read More
Background: TThe close association of physiology with clinical medicine is highlighted in the preclinical years, and also in hospital practice later. Integration of basic sciences with clinical tra ... Read More
Background: Lower spinal back pain, a very common everyday problem, experienced by most people in their life, is usually nonspecific low back pain and varies with changes in posture and activity. I ... Read More
Background: Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of gram negative bacteria including many genera. The emergence and spread of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is increasing due to the production o ... Read More
Background: Kidney dimensions are influenced by different factors such as side, age, gender and geographical location. Thus, the purpose of our study was to determine reference range of kidney dime ... Read More
Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. Diagnosis of prostate cancer mainly depends upon histological examination. Prostate cancer expresses various immune markers, for ... Read More
Background: Urea plasma species, the main human ureolytic pathogens, usually implicated in opportunistic infections. This study was aimed at comparing the sensitivity of the culture method and PCR ... Read More
This is the most frequently asked questions by doctors. We were taught in traditional system of education. Are we not competent doctors? Doctors of our time are performing well internationally and na ... Read More
Anatomically, the veins present in the rectal submucous layer are organised as internal and external haemorrhoidal plexus. Haemorrhoids develop due to abnormal varicose dilatations of the venous plexu ... Read More
Replacement of missing dentition is one of the common reasons to attend a dental practice for individuals who wish to restore their aesthetics and function. There are a variety of treatment modalitie ... Read More
Decades of research has proven the significant role of telomeres in genomic stability and normal cellular function. Telomeres wrapped the end of chromosomes but start altering before birth and contin ... Read More
BACKGROUND: Cervical ribs and elongated transverse process are congenital anatomical variations incidentally seen during conventional radiography and are usually ignored as most cases are of less cli ... Read More
BACKGROUND: To ensure quality of Diploma in Family medicine (DFM). An evaluation was conducted to determine the components and outcomes of the course for further development of the program. METHODS: ... Read More
Background: Teacher’s role has evolved from a knowledge-transmitter to that of a learning-facilitator. To professionally develop postgraduate medical/dental trainees-as-teachers (PGTT) considering te ... Read More
Background: Endodontics is the study of the form, function, diseases, health and injuries of the dental pulp and peri radicular region. It also deals with their prevention and treatment. Manual instr ... Read More
Background: Injuries due to motorcycle accidents are frequent happenings in developing countries as people utilize it commonly as a mode of transport. In Pakistan 56% of Maxillofacial injuries can be ... Read More
Background: Cholera, one of the most common cause of acute watery diarrhea in developing world, requires, along with correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance, antibiotics in to shorten the durat ... Read More
BACKGROUND: The sphenoid sinuses are located at the skull base at the junction of the anterior and middle cerebral fossae. The sphenoid sinus drains through a single ostium into the sphenoethmoid rec ... Read More
Background and Objectives: Diabetic nephropathy occurs as a result of proximal tubule dysfunction with podocyte damage due to increased advanced glycation end-products’ insult in diabetes. Nephrin, o ... Read More
Neurosurgery demands highest degree of accuracy and precision. A surgeon’s dexterity may be tested to the human limit when it comes to negotiating with delicate structures inside cranial cavity. Robo ... Read More
Gleason’s scoring system was introduced by Dr. Donald Gleason in 1960 and till date it is widely accepted to score the prostate adenocarcinoma. This remained the best predictor for treatment and prog ... Read More
A lump in the breast in any age group of women leads to the great anxiety. High frequency, high-resolution USG helps in its evaluation. However, it could be difficult to distinguish all benign from a ... Read More
Background: Crime on gunpoint has increased in metropolis of Karachi in last many years with increasing mortality & morbidity so what could be done to minimize it and how we can proceed further to ma ... Read More
Background: Pseudomyxoma Peritonei is a rare disease. It is identified operatively by gelatinous ascites accompanied by mucinous material in the peritoneum, usually arising from appendix and ovary. O ... Read More
Background: There has been an increase in the occurrence of infections due to Extended Spectrum Beta lactamases (ESBL) producing bacteria. ESBLs exhibit an enhanced capacity to hydrolyze the extended ... Read More
Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a global problem and is the most common life-threatening emergency in early pregnancy leading to significant morbidity and fetal loss. It occurs in variable presentat ... Read More
Background: Disabling hearing loss is a major health issue all over the world. It is however found to be worse in the developing countries according to WHO. It is said that one in five Africans now o ... Read More
Background: The DSM-IV outlines a panic attack as a distinct period of intense fear or discomfort which is accompanied by a minimum of 4 out of 13 listed somatic or cognitive symptoms. This is often ... Read More
Background: Risk of scar defect is inversely correlated with lower uterine segment thickness. The study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic measurement of the lower uterine segment ... Read More
Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), once known as dysmorphophobia, is a mental disorder in which the person afflicted is engrossed with an imagined imperfection in their appearance that is ac ... Read More
Neurosurgery demands highest degree of accuracy and precision. A surgeon’s dexterity may be tested to the human limit when it comes to negotiating with delicate structures inside cranial cavity. Robo ... Read More