Home Journal List Journal of Islamic International Medical College Volume-13 Article Details

Association of Hypothyroidism with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is diagnosed when three out of five cardiometabolic risk factors are present namely hyperglycaemia, low HDL-Cholesterol, high 1 triglycerides, systolic hypertension and obesity. Presence of metabolic syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus 2 (T2DM). Other conditions have also been related to metabolic syndromes e.g. cancer, sleep apnea, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid disruptions and 3,4 others. There is a worldwide epidemic of MS, Pakistan and some other developing countries are no 4 exception . Hypothyroidism can be overt or subclinical. Subclinical-hypothyroidism (SCH) is defined when TSH values are more than 4.0 mIU/L but less than 10 mIU/L with normal thyroid hormones (fT4 5,6 and fT3). The etiological factors for SCH and overt disease are the same with a difference of severity of the disease, so SHO is also called 'Mild Hypothyroidism' as by definition SCH is only a biochemical diagnosis and has nothing to do with the presence or absence of clinical features of thyroid disease. SHO has been shown to be much more 7 common as compared to overt disease. SCH becomes a dilemma for the physician regarding the question of treatment or waiting for the overt 8,9 disease. Amongst many concerned related to hypothyroidism, a propensity for dyslipidaemia is of great concern more so if the patients has other cardiovascular risk factors, too. Khan et al (2018) have recently shown that lipid parameters are adversely affected in hypothyroidism as a continuous function of increasing level of TSH. Lipid changes are found to be more subtle in the subclinical hypothyroid group than cases with overt 10 hypothyroidism. Most significant effect has been shown to be on LDL-cholesterol, non-HDLcholesterol and urine albumin-creatinine ratio

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