Abstract
Objective: To study clinico-haematological features, Laboratory results and prognostic factors in patients of
acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
Study Design: Descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study included all newly diagnosed cases of acute lymphoblastic Leukaemia
coming toArmed Forces Instituteof Pathology Rawalpindi from Jun 2008-Feb2010.
Materials and Methods: The detailed clinical history with physical findings were charted on the proforma. About
3ml blood from each patient was taken in EDTAcontainer. The blood was analyzed on Haematology analyzer
Sysmex KX 21. Quality control was maintained by running normal and abnormal controls. Bone marrow
aspiration was done at the time of diagnosis. Five push smears were made from each case; 2 for leishman stain,
onefor Sudan black B, one for periodic cid schiff, and one for acid phosphatase.
Results: The common clinical features in children were pallor (100%), fever (93%), hepatomegaly (70%),
splenomegaly(64%), lymphadenopathy (58%), bleeding manifestations (27%) and bone pa
Pallor(100%) and fever(89%) were also common manifestations in adults.
Initial high white cell count (> 50x109/l) was observed in 9 (12%) patients. Three patients showed
hyperleucocytosis (> 100x109/l). Haemoglobin < 8gm/dl was seen in and platelet count less
than 20x109/1 was observed in 8(10.8%) cases. About 9 (12%)patients showed pancytopenia.
According to French-American-British (FAB) criteriaALL-L1 was the commonest FAB type (81 %), followed by L2
(16%)and L3 (3%) in children while ALLL2 was high among adult age group .
Conclusion: We found that ALL is a frequent childhood hematological malignancy in our setting and is more
prevalent in males both in children and adults. ALL- L I type being more common than other types of ALL.
Considering the prognostic factors of age, WBC count, lymphadenopathy, T immunophenotyping an FAB
classification; most four patients constitute a better prognostic group.
Ayesha Nayyar, Suhaib Ahmed. (2013) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: Clinicohaematological Features, Laboratory Characteristics and Prognostic Factors: A Single Center Experience, Journal of Islamic International Medical College, Volume-8, Issue-3.
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