Abstract
Arenga pinnata is rich in hemicellulose (27.95 %) and lignin (36.98 %). In this study,
it was processed in a three-step process to produce reducing sugar; lignocellulose
pretreatment, optimization and enzymatic hydrolysis. A combination of acid and
organosolv pretreatment was expected to remove a significant amount of lignin from
the biomass, but not dissolve much hemicellulose. Response surface methodology
(RSM) was employed to determine optimum operational conditions (ethanol
concentration, pretreatment time and temperature) for the organosolv pretreatment,
which minimized inhibition by lignin in the enzymatic hydrolysis process. Lignin
content was analyzed using gravimetric method. Reducing sugar was analyzed using
the 3.5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS method) and validated by high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC). From the RSM results, it can be concluded that all the
variables studied were significant (p<0.05), apart from the interaction between
pretreatment time and temperature (p>0.05), which had an R2 of 99.38 %. The optimum
conditions for organosolv pretreatment were obtained at 30.35% (v/v) ethanol
concentration, 107 °C, and 33 minutes pretreatment time. The enzymatic hydrolysis
process was conducted with different combinations of enzymes, and with Tween 80 as
a surfactant. The best yield of reducing sugar was 20.28 % by using the combination of
cellulase-xylanase enzymes with Tween 80, while the combination of enzymes without
Tween 80 resulted in a yield of 18.15 %.
Tri Widjaja, Ali Altway, Lily Pudjiastuti, Fibrillian Zata, Dennis Farina, Toto Iswanto. (2019) Optimization of organosolv pretreatment of starch waste from sugar palm trunk (Arenga pinnata) for the production of reducing sugar, Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology, Volume 7, Issue 3.
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